Modulation is the act of translating some low-frequency or baseband signal (voice, music, and data) to a higher frequency. Why do we modulate signals? There are at least two reasons: to allow the ...

This is Part 1 of a three-part series. As modern wireless communications systems (mainly superheterodyne radio transceivers) are now required to deliver higher performance than ever before, they’re ...

Engineers designing RF systems at millimeter wave frequencies face exponentially increasing challenges as losses compound, parasitics dominate, and system integration becomes critical.

Part of the reason for the confusion between chorus, phasing and flanging is the close similarity in sound between the three. Arguably the technical differences between them are subtle, but when ...

Bacteria employ complex signaling networks for adaptive gene control in changing environments. Bacterial second messenger molecules such as cyclic AMP (cAMP) relay external environmental signals into ...

Scientists in the Emirates have conceived a new space vector pulse width modulation method that reportedly reduces switching losses and increase efficiency in three-phase photovoltaic inverters. The ...

Ripples maintain time-locked occurrence across the septo-temporal axis and hemispheres while showing local phase coupling, revealing a dual mode of synchrony in CA1 network dynamics.

This is Part 2 of a three-part series. As discussed in Part 1 and recapped here, modern wireless communications systems (mainly superheterodyne radio transceivers) are now required to deliver higher ...