Nature

From the stochasticity of molecular processes to the variability of synaptic transmission

In the CNS, the postsynaptic response to an action potential is variable: neurotransmitter release is probabilistic and the postsynaptic response to neurotransmitter release has variable timing and ...
Nature

Epigenetic polymorphism and the stochastic formation of differentially methylated regions in normal and cancerous tissues

The programming and reprogramming of DNA methylation patterns during germline development 1,2, embryogenesis 3 and somatic differentiation 4,5,6 are fundamental paradigms in epigenetics. The ...
Semiconductor Engineering

Comparative Stochastic Process Variation Bands For N7, N5, And N3 At EUV

a) KLA-Tencor Corporation, Austin, TX 78759, U.S.A. b) KLA-Tencor Corporation, Milpitas, CA 95035, U.S.A. Stochastics effects are the ultimate limiter of optical lithography technology and are a major ...
Semiconductor Engineering

Finding, Predicting EUV Stochastic Defects

Several vendors are rolling out next-generation inspection systems and software that locates problematic defects in chips caused by processes in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography. Each defect ...