Variable frequency drives (VFDs), also known as variable speed drives (VSDs), are used to modulate the speed of motors in various applications, from hydronic water pumping to VAV fan units to vacuum ...

Optimizing any cooling plant for minimal energy consumption is a demanding science. In many cases, minimizing chiller plant energy consumption requires modifications to the plant design, including ...

Water supply and delivery of it to burning solid fuels evolved from buckets to booster tanks, with the delivery using hose and nozzles. This definitely enhanced the capability to deliver more water ...