The emergence of drug resistance in pathogenic microorganisms provides an excellent example of evolution that has had profound consequences for human health. As the evolution of drug resistance is ...

Jennifer Simonson is a business journalist with a decade of experience covering entrepreneurship and small business. Drawing on her background as a founder of multiple startups, she writes for Forbes ...

There has been a recent trend in evolutionary developmental biology (evo–devo) towards using increasing numbers of model species. I argue that, to understand phenotypic change and novelty, researchers ...

From fruit flies to snake venom, evolutionary biologist Sean Carroll explains what drives evolution. How does evolution invent entirely new things, like limbs, wings, and venom? Evolutionary biologist ...

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Institute of Ecological Science, Department of Animal Ecology, de Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands and Universitat ...

Classical conditioning is a way to learn using unconscious associations. Pavlov discovered classical conditioning when dogs started to salivate at the sound of a bell before they got food. The ...